Saturday, May 23, 2020

Model College Application Essay Fictional Character

The model essay below comes from Eileen in response to a question that is no longer part of the Common Application: Describe a character in fiction, a historical figure, or a creative work (as in art, music, science, etc.) that has had an influence on you, and explain that influence. That said, the essay works beautifully for the 2018-19 Common Application as well. It could, of course, work with Option #7, topic of your choice. But it also works nicely with Option #1: Some students have a background, identity, interest, or talent that is so meaningful they believe their application would be incomplete without it. If this sounds like you, then please share your story. Eileens essay, as youll see, is very much about her identity, for being a wallflower is an essential part of who she is. Eileen applied to four New York colleges that vary widely in size, mission and personality: Alfred University, Cornell University, SUNY Geneseo and the University of Buffalo. At the end of this article, youll find the results of her college search. WallflowerI wasnt unfamiliar with the word. It was something I remembered hearing since I was able to grasp the fine art of polysyllabic language. Of course, in my experience, it had always been subtly laced with negativity. They told me that it wasnt something I was supposed to be. They told me to socialize more —  okay, maybe they had a point there — but to open up to strangers I didnt know from Adam? Apparently, yes, that was exactly what I was to do. I had to put myself out there, or something. They told me I couldnt be a wallflower. Wallflower was unnatural. Wallflower was wrong. So my impressionable younger self tried her best not to see the inherent beauty in the word. I wasnt supposed to see it; no one else did. I was terrified to recognize its rightness. And that was where Charlie came in.Before I get any further, I feel obligated to mention that Charlie is not real. I question whether that makes a difference —  it shouldnt, really. Fictional, factua l, or seven-dimensional, his influence in my life is indisputable. But, to give credit where credit is overwhelmingly due, he comes from the brilliant mind of Stephen Chbosky, from the universe of his novel, The Perks of Being a Wallflower. In a series of anonymous letters to an unknown friend, Charlie tells his story of life, love, and high school: of skirting the fringes of life and of learning to make the leap. And from the first sentences, I was drawn to Charlie. I understood him. I was him. He was me. I felt acutely his fears of entering high school, his just-barely-perceptible separation from the rest of the student body, because these fears were mine as well.What I didnt have, the singular distinction between this character and myself, was his vision. Even from the very beginning, Charlies innocence and naivetà © gave him an unparalleled ability to see beauty in everything and to acknowledge it without hesitation, exactly as Id longed to allow myself to do. I had been scared to be the only one to value being a wallflower. But with Charlie came the promise that I wasnt alone. When I saw that he could see what I wanted to see, I suddenly found that I could see it, too. He showed me that the true beauty in being a wallflower was the ability to acknowledge freely that beauty, to embrace it for everything it was while still managing to put myself out there on a level I hadnt thought myself capable. Charlie taught me not conformity, but the honest, open expression of myself, free from the vise-like fear of being judged by my peers. He told me that sometimes, they were wrong. Sometimes, it was okay to be a wallflower. Wallflower was beautiful. Wallflower was right.And for that, Charlie, I am forever in your debt. Discussion of Eileens Admissions Essay The Topic The minute we read her title, we know that Eileen has chosen an unusual and perhaps risky topic. In truth, the topic is one of the reasons to  love this essay. So many college applicants think their essay needs to focus on some monumental accomplishment. After all, to get admitted to a highly selective college one needs to have single-handedly rebuilt a hurricane-ravaged island or weaned a major city from fossil fuels, right? Obviously not. Eileen tends to be quiet, thoughtful, and observant. These are not bad traits. Not all college applicants need to have the type of exuberant personality that can psych up a gymnasium full of students. Eileen knows who she is and who she is not. Her essay focuses on an important character in fiction who helped her be comfortable with her own personality and inclinations. Eileen is a wallflower, and she is proud of it. Eileens essay readily acknowledges the negative connotations bound up in the term wallflower, but she uses the essay to turn those negatives into positives. By the essays end, the reader feels that this wallflower could fill an important role within a campus community. A healthy campus has all types of students including those who are reserved. The Tone Eileen may be a wallflower, but she clearly has a sprightly mind. The essay takes its subject matter seriously, but it also has no shortage of wit and humor. Eileen takes a self-deprecating jab at herself for needing to socialize more, and she plays with the idea of what is real in her second paragraph. Her language is often informal and conversational. At the same time, Eileen is never flip or dismissive in her essay. She takes the essay prompt seriously, and she convincingly shows that fictional Charlie had a profound influence on her life. Eileen strikes that difficult balance between playfulness and seriousness. The result is an essay that is substantive but also a pleasure to read. The Writing Eileen has accomplished an impressive task by covering her topic so well in under 500 words. There is no slow warm-up or broad introduction at the start of the essay. Her first sentence, in fact, relies on the essays title to make sense. Eileen jumps into her topic immediately, and immediately the reader is drawn in with her. The variety of the prose also helps keep the reader engaged as Eileen makes frequent shifts between complex and simple sentences. We move from a phrase like the fine art of polysyllabic language to a deceptively simple string of three-word sentences: I understood him. I was him. He was me. The reader recognizes that Eileen has an excellent ear for the language, and the essays pacing and rhetorical shifts work well. If there is one criticism to offer, its that the language is a little abstract at times. Eileen focuses on beauty in her third paragraph, but the exact nature of that beauty is not clearly defined. At other times the use of imprecise language is actually effective — the essay opens and closes with reference to a mysterious they. The pronoun has no antecedent, but Eileen is abusing grammar deliberately here. They is everyone who is not her. They are the people who dont value a wallflower. They are the force against which Eileen has struggled. Final Thoughts While Im a wallflower may be a conversation stopper at a social event, Eileens essay is remarkably successful. By the time we finish the essay, we cant help but admire Eileens honesty, self-awareness, sense of humor, and writing ability. The essay has accomplished its most important task — we have a strong sense of who Eileen is, and she seems like the type of person who would be an asset to our campus community. Remember what is at stake here — the admissions officers are looking for students who will be part of their community. Do we want Eileen to be part of our community? Absolutely. The Results of Eileens College Search Eileen wanted to be in Western New York State, so she applied to four colleges:  Alfred University,  Cornell University,  SUNY Geneseo  and the  University of Buffalo. All schools are selective, although they vary greatly in personality. Buffalo is a large  public university, SUNY Geneseo is a public liberal arts college, Cornell is a large  private university  and member of the Ivy League, and Alfred is a small private university. Eileens essay is clearly strong, as were her test scores and high school record. Because of this winning combination, Eileens college search was highly successful. As the table below shows, she was accepted at every school to which she applied. Her final decision was not an easy one. She was tempted by the prestige that comes with attending an Ivy League institution, but she ultimately opted for Alfred University because of both the generous financial aid package and the personal attention that comes with a smaller school. Eileen's Application Results College Admission Decision Alfred University Accepted with merit scholarship Cornell University Accepted SUNY Geneseo Accepted with merit scholarship University of Buffalo Accepted with merit scholarship

Monday, May 18, 2020

Mba Final Hr Recuitment Project - 10109 Words

A SUMMER TRAINING PROJECT REPORT ON SOURCES PROCESS OF RECRUITMENT SELECTION AT HCL SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF MASTERS IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Today, in every organisation personnel planning as an activity is necessary. It is an important part of an organisation. Human Resource Planning is a vital ingredient for the success of the organisation in the long run. The objectives of Human Resource Department are Human Resource Planning, Recruitment and Selection, Training and Development, career planning, Transfer and Promotion, Risk Management, Performance Appraisal and so on. Each objective needs special attention and proper planning and implementation. For every organisation†¦show more content†¦This would not only help to be familiar with the corporate environment but it would also enable to get a close look at the various levels authority responsibility relationship prevailing in the organization. The scope of the project includes- †¢ Study of the BPO industry in India. †¢ Study of Importance of Recruitment and Selection process for an enterprise. †¢ Study of Recruitment and Selection Practices at HCL Technologies. The Project does not include elaborative study of practices followed after completion of Induction benefit programme, employee benefit schemes etc. 1.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY Research is defined as human activity based on intellectual application in the investigation of matter. The primary purpose for applied research is discovering, interpreting, and the development of methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge on a wide variety of scientific matters of our world and the universe. The research methodology is a science that studying how research is done scientifically. It is the way to systematically solve the research problem by logically adopting various steps. Also it defines the way in which the data are collected in a research project. Research can also fall into two distinct types: ââ€" ª Primary research ââ€" ª Secondary research Mode of research used in this project is Secondary Research. 1.3.1 Research Design †¢ Literature Review research design

Tuesday, May 12, 2020

The Duties Of A Police Officer - 929 Words

The duties of a police officer, also known as a law enforcement officer, focuses on protecting and serving; people and property. They patrol the areas they are assigned, respond to calls, enforce laws, make arrests, issue citations, conduct investigations and occasionally testify in court cases. Rush is a movie that takes viewers into the undercover work of two police officers, Kristen Cates and Jim Raynor; who went undercover to catch a major drug dealer. While undercover both got sucked into the drug culture and compromised their assignment. When dealing with such assignments police officer should be careful because one does not know what the outcome of the assignment might be or even so how the assignment might affect them in the long run. In order to become a successful police officer, a lot of training is required. One should be able to pass a written examination assigned by the police department. An officer has to go through the police academy and perform various tasks that wil l test their physical and mental abilities. Cates became Raynor’s partner for the undercover investigation after she was chosen from a group of recent police academy graduates. Cates had no experience what so ever. Cates was taught how to expertly fake drug use at the academy. However, she got a rude awakening when Raynor taught her how to properly shoot up heroin. He informs her in no uncertain terms that she will be put in situations where she will have to take the drugs they will be buying.Show MoreRelatedDuties Of A Police Officer1949 Words   |  8 Pages Makayla Harris Ms. Susic Research paper 5 June 2015 The duties of a police officer are to protect the people around them and their property. They also patrol areas they are assigned, make arrests , respond to 911 calls, also known as emergency situations, testify in court situations, directing traffic, and most recently dealing with riots. As a police officer you leave your family to protect others but in more recent situations they have been taking away loved ones who do not deserve forRead MoreDuties Of Care Police Officers2270 Words   |  10 PagesLGLS-29404-001 This paper discuss the duties of care police officers owe to citizens in their control (under arrest, in custody), and how these duties of care can best be fulfilled. I will be discussing the good and bad stories of police officers when it comes to them fulfilling their duties, police officers’ duties while on the job, and how they react when there is misconduct. This paper will also be expressing the different ways in which police officers could handle situations better or if itRead MorePolice Officers Handle Duties And Property Of The Public Essay842 Words   |  4 Pages Police officers handle many duties in order to protect the life and property of the public. These duties ranges from simple jobs like serving injunctions, patrolling a particular neighborhood, to more stressful assignments. One should remember that the world is a place filled with surprises, and that what, retired, Deputy Bill Myers came to find out one fateful morning; sadly, for Officer Myers, he had n o idea that this day would be his last (Helsel The Associated press, 2015). Helsel and TheRead MorePolice Duties On The Private Lives Of New Zealand Police Officers887 Words   |  4 Pagesof New Zealand Police Officers. This article studied the impact police duties on the lives of rural police officers in comparison to those working in urban areas. A total of 16 officers from the national police force of New Zealand were interviewed; 7 were from urban areas, and 9 whom worked in rural assignments. The information gleaned from the interviews indicated there are significantly different impacts on the lives of police officers between the two areas. Rural officers felt a heightenedRead MoreThe Use Of Surveillance And Police Officers Carry Out Their Duties1950 Words   |  8 Pagesfrom failure to use technology. Law enforcement agencies such as police and military have no choice but exploit technology so as to prevent as well as deal with crime. This paper will explore how the use of cameras surveillance by police continues influence mixed reactions within from different people. Introduction The use of cameras in policing has changed how the police officers carry out their duties. In the past police officers relied on eye witnesses to provide details on how crimes events tookRead MoreShould Police Officers Be Required For Wear Cameras While On Duty?854 Words   |  4 PagesBody Cameras Should police officers be required to wear cameras while on duty? Police stations in all states should agree on letting officers wear a body cam that are the size of a cigarette stick that can be attached to hats, helmet, or the collars on their uniforms. That way the camera is small and convenient. The cameras on these police officers will be able to keep track of all the evidence from the scene of the crime and will guarantee accurate statements and facial recognition from theRead MoreThe Stress That Each Police Officer Is Enduring While On Duty And How It Affects Their Personal Life825 Words   |  4 PagesChapter 11 and focusing on the stress that each police officer is enduring while on duty and how it affects their personal life during and after their police career. There are multiple different tables and figures in Chapter 11. The first Figure is listed on page 380, talks about quid pro quo harassment. That usually occurs in a workplace and involved sexual act. When one ind ividual is forced to engage into sexual contact in fear of losing their job or other consequences. Figure 11.2 on page 381Read MoreBlack Man Who Was Suspected As The Killer Of A White Off Duty Police Officer Essay1726 Words   |  7 Pagessuspected as the killer of a white off-duty police officer, was executed in 2011 with insufficient evidence in the state of Georgia (Bedau). There was no physical evidence or weapon presented in the prosecution and so they had to base their judgement all from eyewitness (Bedau). His execution raised an â€Å"international outcry† due to seven out of nine eyewitnesses contradicted their trial testimony and many of them confessed that they felt pressured or threatened by the police at the time (Bedau). Troy DavisRead MoreCase Study #2 Police brutality is becoming more and more apparent in the news today because it1400 Words   |  6 PagesCase Study #2 Police brutality is becoming more and more apparent in the news today because it seems to be occurring more than before. In 2012, the NYPD killed 21 people that year which was an increase by 7 from the previous year (W.A.T.E.R, 1). The numbers are rising in the big cities where more crimes are likely to happen. Toronto isn’t as big as New York City, but it comes to show that police officers are killing more individuals each year. In 2009, in the little city of Cabbagetown near TorontoRead MoreAnalysis Of Lon Fuller s Principle, Real Life Issues Within The Field Of Criminal Justice954 Words   |  4 Pagesand comprehensive enough to address the topic. In Scenario One an off-duty police officer is at a party at the house of an old high school friend when he enters the house to use the restroom and sees several individuals snorting cocaine. The off-duty police officer does not know whether or not his friend has knowledge that the people are using drugs in his house. The moral problem in this scenario is the off-duty police officer has an obligation to withhold the law and must decide whether or not

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Biology Lab Report - 902 Words

Abstract: Background: High blood glucose fluctuation (BGF) contributes in chronic complications by promoting the dysfunction of vascular endothelium in diabetes. MicroRNA (miR)-34 family is known for its roles in the pathophysiology of diverse diseases including type 2 diabetes. However, the action of BGF on the expression of these miRs in diabetes is unknown. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effects of BGF on the pathogenesis of diabetes and the possible involvement of miR-34 family in vivo. Methods: A total of 60 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to four groups with 15 rats per group, namely normal control (NC) group, model control (MC) group, persistent high blood glucose (PHG) group and fluctuant high blood glucose†¦show more content†¦Keywords: Diabetes, persistent high blood glucose, blood glucose fluctuation, miR-34b/c. Background Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder, which seriously affects people’s health 1. The prevalence of diabetes is approximately 9.7%, accounting for 92.4 million adults in China 2. Type 2 diabetes has become the most frequent type of diabetes and is commonly related with the prevalence of obesity, aging and hyperinsulinemia 3. Moreover, Type 2 diabetes is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and increases the mortality of these patients 4, 5. The risk of cardiovascular diseases increases for subjects with postprandial hyperglycemia 6, 7. However, it is difficult to evaluate the relationship between postprandial high blood glucose and cardiovascular disease because the patients with postprandial hyperglycemia are often accompanied with hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance and postprandial dyslipidemia 8. Several other mechanisms causing cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients including glucose toxicity, impaired insulin growth factor (IGF) signaling and insulin receptor, vascular inflammation and cerebrovascular injury have also been proposed 9, 10. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still far from being completely clarified. Several large clinical studies, such as the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) and the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT), have suggested a positive correlationShow MoreRelatedBiology Lab : Lab Report Essay777 Words   |  4 PagesLab 9: Pea Genetics Lab Report Zach Freeland : Section 03 : BIOS 210 Fundamentals of Cellular Biology Lab Title: †¢ Gathering Data on the Different Traits of the Garden Pea (Pisum Sativum), Organizing the Dominant/Recessive Phenotypes of 60 F2 Offspring and Determining Whether the Null Hypothesis is Rejected or Accepted Using the Chi-Square Test. Introduction: †¢ This lab had 2 exercises. Exercise 9.1 involved observing pictures of 60 F2 offspring and recording the phenotypes for 6 different traitsRead MoreBiology Lab Report840 Words   |  4 PagesScreening and Cloning Of Bacterial ÃŽ ²-Glucosidase Gene That Can Degrade Salicin from NIF and Virulent Bacteria Hanan H. Ahmed Microbial Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering Biotechnology Institute, Minufiya University Sadat City, Egypt Abstract Two ÃŽ ²- glucosidase genes in Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. Trifloii able to utilize Salicin. SamI fragments (2 and 3 kbp) from Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. Trifloii were expressed in E. coli HC1061. Transformed clones with ÃŽ ²- glucosidase activityRead MoreBiology Lab Report797 Words   |  4 Pageswas not significant enough to make comparisons and was subject to error. Valid relationships between the tested variables could not be supported and the hypothesis presented in this study was not proven. Introduction The underlying purpose of this report was to determine if there is an association between enzyme production, gene copy number, and gene evolution (Tracey 2017, p.22). This research question was explored by conducting analysis of the salivary amylase enzyme, AMY1A gene copy number, andRead MoreCell Biology Lab Report1043 Words   |  4 PagesBIO-2B06 Cell Biology Lab Report: Cell Adhesion Introduction As Akiyama suggests, cell-Cell interactions with solid substrates is important for their migration, proliferation, differentiation and their anchorage. Cells have the ability to attach or adhere, migrate and spread on a variety of glycoproteins located outside the cell, this occurs due to the presence of specific cell surface receptors, and example being integrins. 1 Integrins, as is again suggested by Akiyama, are non-covalent, heterodimericRead MoreIb Biology Lab Report4823 Words   |  20 PagesI. Parts of a Lab Report 1. Introduction: a. Title b. Research Question c. Hypothesis d. Variables e. Control of Variables 2. Materials Methods a. Materials b. Method 3. Data a. Data b. raw data c. uncertainty d. presentation e. processing data f. Graphs 4. Results/Conclusion a. Conclusion 5. Discussion a. Evaluation 6. References II. Other Help errors and uncertainty A. Design [pic] I. Research QuestionRead MoreBiology Lab Report 7727 Words   |  3 PagesComparing The Resting Heart Rate and Recovery Time Of Males And Females After Physical Activity Devyn Jones 26 September 2014 Biology 140 Section 38 Dr. Maria Gainey Abstract In this study we tested to see whether or not males have a lower resting pulse rate and if males have a faster pulse recovery time after engaging in physical activity. The experiment groups are the males and females of the class. The experiment involves walking up and down a flight of stair s and recoding your pulseRead MoreLab Report On The Biology Department921 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction The Biology Department requested the identity of seven different samples. The aqueous ionic solutions were sent to be disposed of by the company Enviro Safe, Inc. However, the shipment containing seven, five-gallon carboys, was labeled Experiment 9 and did not include the names of solutions. The faculty in the Biology Department was unfamiliar with the contents but was able to locate a pre-laboratory notebook dated ten years prior, the notes only revealed that eight unknown solutionsRead MoreMarine Biology Lab Report751 Words   |  4 Pages2. Temporal variability of alkaline earth metals in seawater: implication for variation in geochemical cycling Ocean plays a key role in geochemical cycling of alkaline earth metals that are directly connected to the global C-cycle. Hence secular variation of elemental and concentrations and isotopic compositions of seawater can reflect major changes in the lithosphere and the atmosphere over geologic time. Consequently, elemental and isotopic composition of marine chemical sediments (e.g., carbonatesRead MoreBiology Beetroot Lab Report2895 Words   |  12 Pagesusing this knowledge gained. A risk assessment has been conducted in the process of planning this investigation and the possible risks may be glass breakage or burnt by hot water. These dangers can be prevented with more careful actions around the lab. It is also essential that safety glasses are worn during the entire course of the experiment. Method: 1. Take all safety precautions: wear safety glasses, hair tied back, wear close-toed shoes, ensure a clear surrounding with no obstacles inRead MoreBiology Osmosis Lab Report Essay1890 Words   |  8 PagesOsmosis Lab Report by Evan Gerber Claire Cambron First Lab Report Wednesday 10:30am February 20, 2013 Theresa Gburek Abstract The major objective of the experiment was to test the effect of the concentration gradient on the diffusion rate. It was hypothesized that the greater the stronger the concentration gradient, the faster the rate of diffusion would be. To test this, dialysis tubes were submerged in different concentration fructose solutions. We weighed the tubes at specific

Ricky Watt’s Marketing Plan Free Essays

1. Evaluate the promotion objectives Rick Wyatt should include in his plan: These following promotion objectives below should include in Rick’s plan: . To increase the number of volunteers to give back to communities . We will write a custom essay sample on Ricky Watt’s Marketing Plan or any similar topic only for you Order Now To create an enjoyable working environment to keep the volunteer serving the communities longer . To have extensive diversified trainings so volunteers and members can be aware of what they’re doing . To let the volunteers know they’re respected and are recognized and are safe 2. What promotion methods should he use to achieve those objectives? In order to achieve these objectives, Rick should do the following steps below: . To put ads in the local papers, banner/signs, radio broadcasts, flyers, posters, word of mouth, or walk house to house to advertise the volunteer are always welcome and needed . To have a short 10 minute videorun on the county public safety cable channel that will show the many operations provided by volunteers plus a video to show that what the Fire Department work and give back to communities . To do fund-raisings to bring capitals so the Fire Department can use these capitals to expand the Department and to award the volunteers . Don’t restrict volunteers to be firefighters. Volunteer can do in different levels of medical response/support; rehab roles; and support roles. This method allows the Fire Department to bring on a wider range of people, and they all fill a vital role . Develop and use a formal awards program such as certificates, dinner coupon to let the volunteers know their works are recognized and are respected    . A clear communication keeps firefighters  feeling as though they are important to the organization and the service’s mission . To have a department-wide picnic in the summer or holiday dinner to bring volunteer and their families together . To connect and offer introductory class with Red Cross meetings or classes, blood drives, food banks, and basic community service places to find the best candidates . To have gym, coffee rooms, entertainment areas in the Fire Department that can bring all members together, to keep members in shape, to create an enjoyable working environment How to cite Ricky Watt’s Marketing Plan, Papers

Murabaha free essay sample

Bai-Murabaha may be defined as a contract between a Buyer and a Seller under which the Seller sells certain specific goods permissible under Islamic Shariah and the Law of the land to the Buyer at a cost plus agreed profit payable in cash or on any fixed future date in lump sum or by instalments. The profit marked-up may be fixed in lump sum or in percentage of the cost price of the goods. In respect of dealing parties Bai-Murabaha may be of two types. 2. 01Ordinary Bai-Murabaha If there are only two parties, the seller and the buyer, where the seller as an ordinary trader purchases the goods from the market without depending on any order and promise to buy the same from him and sells those to a buyer for cost plus profit, then the sale is called Ordinary Bai-Murabaha. 2. 02Bai-Murabaha on Order and Promise If there are three parties, the buyer, the seller and the Bank as an intermediary trader between the buyer and the seller, where the Bank upon receipt of order from the buyer with specification and a prior outstanding promise to buy the goods from the Bank, purchases the ordered goods and sells those to the ordering buyer at a cost plus agreed profit, the sale is called Bai-Murabaha on Order or Promise, generally known as Murabaha. We will write a custom essay sample on Murabaha or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This Murabaha upon order and promise is generally used by the Islami Banks, which undertake the purchase of commodities according to the specification requested by the Clients and sale on Bai-Murabaha to the one who ordered for the goods and promised to buy those for its cost price plus a marked-up profit agreed upon previously by the two parties, the Bank and the Client. In this Bank, Bai-Murabaha is treated as a contract between the Bank and the Client under which the Bank purchases the specified goods as per order and specification of the Client and sells those to the ordering Client at a cost plus agreed upon profit payable within a fixed future date in lump sum or by fixed instalments. Thus it is a sale of goods on profit by which ownership of the goods is transferred by the Bank to the Client but the payment of the sale price (cost plus profit) by the Client is deferred for a fixed period. It may be noted here that, in case of Bai-Muajjal and Bai-Murabaha, Islamic Bank is a financier to the Client not in the sense that the Bank finances the purchase of goods by the Client, rather it is a financier by deferring the receipt of sale price of the goods sold by the Bank to the Client. If the Bank does not purchase the goods or does not make any purchase agreement with seller, but only makes payment of any goods directly purchased and received by the Client from the seller under Bai-Muajjal/Bai-Murabaha Agreement, that will be a remittance of the amount on behalf of the Client, which shall be nothing but a loan to him and any profit on this amount shall be nothing but Interest (Riba). Therefore, purchase of goods by the Bank should be for and on behalf of the Bank and the payment of price of goods by the Bank must be made for and on behalf of the Bank. If in any way the payment of price of goods is turned into a payment for and on behalf of the Client or it is paid to the Client any profit on it will be Riba. It is permissible for the Client to offer an order to purchase by the Bank particular goods deciding its specification and committing himself to buy the same from the Bank on Murabaha, i. . cost plus agreed upon profit. 3. 02It is permissible to make the promise binding upon the Client to purchase from the Bank, that is, he is to either satisfy the promise or to indemnify the damages caused by breaking the promise without excuse. 3. 03It is permissible to take cash/collateral security to guarantee the implementation of the promise or to indemnify the damages. 3. 04It is also permissible to document the debt resulting from Bai-Murabaha by a Guarantor, or a mortgage, or both like any other debt. Mortgage/ Guarantee/ Cash Security may be obtained prior to the signing of the Agreement or at the time of signing the Agreement. 3. 05Stock and availability of goods is a basic condition for signing a Bai-Murabaha Agreement. Therefore, the Bank must purchase the goods as per specification of the Client to acquire ownership of the same before signing the Bai-Murabaha agreement with the Client. After purchase of goods the Bank must bear the risk of goods until those are actually sold and delivered to the Client, i. e. after purchase of the goods by the Bank and before selling of those on Bai-Murabaha to the Client buyer, the Bank shall bear the consequences of any damages or defects, unless there is an agreement with the Client releasing the Bank of the defects, that means, if the goods are damaged, Bank is liable, if the goods are defective, (a defect that is not included in the release) the Bank bears the responsibility. The Bank must deliver the specified Goods to the Client on specified date and at specified place of delivery as per Contract. 3. 8The Bank shall sell the goods at a higher price (Cost + Profit) to earn profit. The cost of goods sold and profit mark-up therewith shall separately and clearly be mentioned in the Bai-Murabaha Agreement. The profit mark-up may be mentioned in lump sum or in percentage of the purchase/cost price of the goods. But, under no circumstances, the percentage of the profit shall have any relation with time or expressed in relation with time, such as per month, per annum etc. 3. 09The price once fixed as per agreement and deferred cannot be further increased. 3. 0It is permissible for the Bank to authorise any third party to buy and receive the goods on Banks behalf. The authorisation must be in a separate contract. Request potential Client to open an Al-Wadia Current Account. Let him maintain the Current Account satisfactorily for a reasonable period. (This will generally mean six months). 4. 02Hold preliminary discussion with the prospective Client regarding his Investment needs and business experience. 4. 03Brief him on the salient features of Bai-Murabaha Mode of Investment. Apprise, in particular, the usual terms and conditions under which the Bank makes such Investment. 4. 04Look to the past performance of the Client. Check-up Head Office Current Investment Policy and Branchs track record of Bai-Murabaha Investment of the item(s). 4. 05If the Proposal is found suitable, advise the Client to submit formal Application (F-167A -as per specimen at page 34). If not found suitable, regret politely.

Saturday, May 2, 2020

Investigation on State Space Analysis Technique- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theInvestigation on State Space Analysis Technique. Answer: Introduction: The state space analysis of the various control systems is lying on the basis of modern theories. It has been applicable to all kind of systems. This includes the single and multiple inputs and output systems, the linear and non-linear systems and so on. The following report explains the state space analysis along with various advantages and disadvantages. It also includes the instances of applications, reviewing of methods and the results. Lastly, it provides examples of the state space assessment of the accelerometer system. Explanation of the state space analysis system: The state space analysis has been an effective approach to design and examines the control systems. The old and conventional approaches to design and examine the control systems have been the transfer function method. However, the transfer function method to analyze and design has possessed various drawbacks. There have been few basic terms that are needed to be known related to the state space analysis. The first one is the state of the systems (Azar Vaidyanathan, 2015). This has been describing the future type of the system through using the current and the past. The former one indicates the input variables and the later one denotes the state variables. Then there is the state variable. It is the set of variables that the along with the input has been defining the systems behaviors. These behaviors have been representing the future values. The number of the state variables in the system is intended to be minimum, same as the systems order. Moreover, the output of the system and the derivatives could be regarded as the state variables. Lastly, the state space defines the set of the possible values. These are assumed by the state variables. The advantages of the state space analysis lie in the fact that it could be applied to the non-linear systems. Moreover, it could be applied to the tile invariant systems, multiple inputs and output systems and the idea regarding the internal state of the system. Further, it has been possible to examine the time-invariant and time-varying, single or multiple and linear or non-linear input-output systems (Isidori, 2013). Then there is the possibility of confirming the parameters of the systems state apart from the input-output relations. Further there lies the scope of the optimizing the systems. It is also helpful for the optimal designs. Lastly, it has been possible to incorporate the initial situations. Further, the analysis of state variables could be done on any kind of systems. It has been very simple to do the tasks of state variable analysis over the computers. One of the most interesting facts of the analysis is that the chosen state variables to describe the system never require being the physical quantities that are related to the system. The variables not related to the physical quantities and associated with that system could also be chosen as the state variables. Moreover, the variables that are unobservable and immeasurable could be chosen as the state variables. Despite all these, one of the disadvantages of the analysis is that the transfer function has been defined within the initial conditions which are zero (Yin, Luo Ding, 2014). Moreover, the approach is applicable only to the systems that are linear time-invariant. It never provides the idea about what the internal state of the systems have been. It is never applicable to the multiple input and output systems. It has been difficult to do the analysis of transfer function on the computers in a comparative manner. Examples of applications, review of methods and outcomes: The classes of problems: Every problem defines a searched space comprising of objects known as the solution candidates. Let the search space be S. Particularly the expected solution is represented in terms of S. There have been primarily two kinds of problems. The first one is the constraint satisfaction problems. Here the constraints are needed to be fulfilled and should be determined with the least search effort. The next one is the optimization problems. Here all the constraints are needed to be fulfilled. It has been standing out as every other candidate related to the special property. The computing of the optimum has been generally infeasible. The semi-optimization has been the relaxation of the optimality necessities. For example, let two kinds of optimality relaxation is provided. The first one is the near optimization. Here the threshold of the deviation of the maximum cost has been provided (Kumar Varaiya, 2015). Then there is the approximate optimization. This has been even more relaxed in nature. Here the deviation threshold or the near optimization has been required to be adopted with as particular probability only. Review of the methods: For example, let the 8-queens problem be taken as the optimization problem. Here the users have been capable of controlling the trade-offs happening between the efficiency and the deviation from the optimization solution. This has been ideally with some of the hyper-parameters (Wang, Blaabjerg Wu, 2014). Alternative methods could be applied to solve this type of problems as proposed by McCarthy. The first one is the well-defined problems. Here there is an entire knowledge of the beginning state, goal state, and the operators. Then there are the ill-defined problems. Here the knowledge regarding the necessary operators or the goal states has been incomplete. Other methods to overcome the barriers were suggested by Doner. The first barrier is the interpolation barrier (Box et al., 2015). There has been a total knowledge of the operators, goal states, and the initial states. Then there is the synthesis barrier. Here the knowledge of the required operators has been incomplete. Then there is the dialectic barrier. Here the solutions should be examined regarding the external or internal conflicts. Outcomes of the solutions: The solution candidates or the objects in S are needed to be distinguished along with their encodings. This encoding is understood as the reference to the object or the set of objects in S. This encoding must take benefits of the structural properties of the problem domain. Generally, the structural properties have been captured by the type of partial or incomplete representation of the object. This has been against the unique or complete representation (Stevens, Lewis Johnson, 2015). The encoding of the second one has been corresponding to the solution candidate. This indicates the one-to-one to the object. For instance, in the 8 queens problem, the encoding denotes to the board configuration with the exact number of 8 queens. Further, the partial representation could be extended or elaborated (Nikiforov et al., 2017). Hence this has been corresponding to the set of objects or solution base. The encoding of this type could be referred to either the solution candidate or the solutio n base. The examples of the state space analysis of the accelerometer system: The measuring of the acceleration, along with the core element of the inertial guidance systems is applicable to a broad range of commercial problems. The various transducer mechanisms are utilized in the accelerometer that is micro-fabricated. For example, the tunneling has been a highly sensitive approach to measure the position. This has been inspired by the previous works on the microscope of the scanning tunnels. Here the electrostatic actuator is utilized. This is more effective than the piezo-resistive, piezoelectric and capacitive displacement transducers (Dzunic et al., 2017). Moreover, the tunneling current is never dependent on the temperature. The realizing of the accelerometer, controller systems, and the tunneling detector is included in the state space model. The analysis of the state space done here provides the internal view of the stochastic behavior of the tunneling current. This also includes the way in which the noise has been propagating through the system. The controller that is utilized has been an easy integrating controller set up. The results verify the conclusion of Gabrielson (Aoki, 2013). This states that the thermal noise provides the main contribution. Further, the bandwidth could be raised through utilizing the more advanced controller. This kind of controller possesses the larger bandwidth and the more noise of resistor that is meant to be fed in the system (Walter, 2013). The impacts of the more complex controllers have been currently explored. This provides the tool with the larger bandwidth. Conclusion and discussion: The state equations could be yield as a great deal of data regarding the system. This occurs when they are unable to be solved explicitly. Further, the state equations of the system could be penned down directly from the system structures knowledge from the system equations. Thus the analysis procedure has been consisting of the calculation of the state equations at the very first step. Then the output equations are solved. It is seen that the description of the state space has been able to determine all the possible system variables or outputs. This happens from the knowledge of the initial state and the various inputs of the system. Through the usage of that kind of transformation, it is clearly seen what systems are manageable and which one is observable. References: Andriluka, M., Pishchulin, L., Gehler, P., Schiele, B. (2014). 2d human pose estimation: New benchmark and state of the art analysis. 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